Abstract
During our studies on asexual fungi colonizing herbaceous litter in northern Thailand, we discovered two new fungal species, viz. Dendryphion hydei and Torula hydei spp. nov. The latter are examined, and their morphological characters are described as well as their DNA sequences from ribosomal and protein coding genes are analysed to infer their phylogenetic relationships with extant fungi. Torula hydei is different from other similar Torula species in having tiny and catenate conidia. Dendryphion hydei can be distinguished from other similar Dendryphion species in having large conidiophores and subhyaline to pale olivaceous brown, 2-4(-5)-septate conidia. Multigene phylogenetic analyses of a combined LSU, SSU, TEF1-α, RPB2 and ITS DNA sequence dataset generated from maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses indicate that T. hydei forms a distinct lineage and basal to T. fici. Dendryphion hydei forms a distinct lineage and basal to D. europaeum, D. comosum, D. aquaticum and D. fluminicola within Torulaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes).
Highlights
The family Torulaceae Corda was introduced by Sturm [1] and is typified by Torula Pers
Bayesian Inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of the combined dataset were performed to determine the placement of our new taxa and infer relationships at the intrageneric level as well as resolving the phylogenetic relationships of the core families in Pleosporales
The phylogenetic trees obtained from BI and ML analyses resulted in trees with largely similar topologies and similar to those generated from previous studies based on maximum likelihood analysis [18,5,7]
Summary
The family Torulaceae Corda was introduced by Sturm [1] and is typified by Torula Pers. Crous et al [8] investigated phylogenetic relationships of this family with the inclusion of Torula species and accepted Dendryphion Wallr., besides Torula within Torulaceae in Pleosporales. Crous et al [3] introduced D. europaeum Crous & R.K. Schumacher based on morphological characteristics and molecular data and later Crous et al [8] accommodated the species in Torulaceae and further accepted Dendryphion in Torulaceae. A novel Torula species was isolated from herbaceous litters collected from northern Thailand. Dendryphion hydei is recovered as another new species from northern Thailand. An updated phylogenetic tree with our new taxa for the family Torulaceae is provided in this study
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