Abstract
We present an analysis of supra-familial relationships of monocots based on a combined matrix of nuclear 18S and partial 26S rDNA, plastid atpB, matK, ndhF, and rbcL, and mitochondrial atpl DNA sequences. Results are highly congruent with previous analyses and provide higher bootstrap support for nearly all relationships than in previously published analyses. Important changes to the results of previous work are a well-supported position of Petrosaviaceae as sister to all monocots above Acorales and Alismatales and much higher support for the commelinid clade. For the first time, the spine of the monocot tree has some bootstrap support, although support for paraphyly of liliids is still only low to moderate (79-82%). Dioscoreales and Pandanales are sister taxa (moderately supported, 87-92%), and Asparagales are weakly supported (79%) as sister to the commelinids. Analysis of just the four plastid genes reveals that addition of data from the other two genomes contributes to generally better support for most clades, particularly along the spine. A new collection reveals that previous material of Petermannia was misidentified, and now Petermanniaceae should no longer be considered a synonym of Colchicaceae. Arachnitis (Corsiaceae) falls into Liliales, but its exact position is not well supported. Sciaphila (Triuridaceae) falls with Pandanales. Trithuria (Hydatellaceae) falls in Poales near Eriocaulaceae, Mayacaceae, and Xyridaceae, but until a complete set of genes are produced for this taxon, its placement will remain problematic. Within the commelinid clade, Dasypogonaceae are sister to Poales and Arecales sister to the rest of the commelinids, but these relationships are only weakly supported.
Highlights
In the time since the last major conference on monocots when results of a three-gene analysis were presented (Chase et al 2000b), additional data have been collected representing two more plastid genes, matK and ndhF, two mitochondrial genes, atp1 and cob, and a portion of an additionalPresent addresses: Botanical Garden and Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Solvgade 83, Opg
We present in this paper results of a combined analysis of seven genes representing all three genomic compartments
First we will describe the results of the analysis without the five problem taxa (Arachnitis, Burmannia, Sciaphila, Thismia, and Trithuria) and indicate where each of these is placed and the effect on bootstrap percentages
Summary
In the time since the last major conference on monocots when results of a three-gene analysis were presented (Chase et al 2000b), additional data have been collected representing two more plastid genes, matK and ndhF, two mitochondrial genes, atp and cob, and a portion of an additionalPresent addresses: Botanical Garden and Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Solvgade 83, Opg. In the time since the last major conference on monocots when results of a three-gene analysis were presented (Chase et al 2000b), additional data have been collected representing two more plastid genes, matK and ndhF, two mitochondrial genes, atp and cob, and a portion of an additional. We present in this paper results of a combined analysis of seven genes representing all three genomic compartments (including 18S rDNA, atpB, and rbcL, plus those listed above except for cob, results of which are described in Petersen et al 2006). Since the time of the first monocot conference at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in 1993 (Rudall et al 1995), attention has been focused on establishing general relationships and developing a phylogenetic classification (APG 1998) for the monocots.
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