Abstract
ABSTRACT A Multifunctional smart material system consists of two or more dierent smart material phases in the formof a hybrid system, in which every phase performs a dierent but necessary function. In this work, we showhow thermally responsive Shape memory alloys (SMA) and Shape Memory Polymers (SMP) can be combined toform a Multifunctional Smart Material system (MSMS). The transformation temperatures M f , M s , A s and A f of SMA and the glass transition T g for the SMP play a critical role in designing such a MSMS. We illustrate howvarying the T g of SMP between the transformation temperatures M f and A f of SMA results in a multi-statesmart bias system with varying stinesses. In addition, we establish guidelines for the volume fractions of theindividual constituents of such MSMSs to form smart-bias tools/devices. We further propose various ideas forsmart devices that can operate through three temperature ranges, with one material constituent being passiveand the other active at a given temperature.Keywords: multifunctional material systems, shape memory polymers, shape memory alloys, smart bias struc-tures, smart composites, multistate devices, smart material design
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