Abstract
A variety of sensor systems have been developed to monitor the structural health status of buildings and infrastructures. However, most sensor systems for structural health monitoring (SHM) are difficult to use in extreme conditions, such as a fire situation, because of their vulnerability to high temperature and physical shocks, as well as time-consuming installation process. Here, we present a smart ball sensor (SBS) that can be immediately installed on surfaces of structures, stably measure vital SHM data in real time and wirelessly transmit the data in a high-temperature fire situation. The smart ball sensor mainly consists of sensor and data transmission module, heat insulator and adhesive module. With the integrated device configuration, the SBS can be strongly attached to the target surface with maximum adhesion force of 233.7-N and stably detect acceleration and temperature of the structure without damaging the key modules of the systems even at high temperatures of up to 500 °C while ensuring wireless transmission of the data. Field tests for a model pre-engineered building (PEB) structure demonstrate the validity of the smart ball sensor as an instantly deployable, high-temperature SHM system. This SBS can be used for SHM of a wider variety of structures and buildings beyond PEB structures.
Highlights
In recent years, an increasing number of pre-engineered building (PEB) are being built mostly for industrial purpose due to the benefits that can be obtained from the cost efficiency and structural simplicity during the construction [1,2]
The adhesive module consisted of high temperature inorganic adhesive and neodymium magnet (Figure 1f), which enables a firm attachment of the smart ball sensor (SBS) on the PEB structure
We have presented a structural health monitoring (SHM) system that can be utilized for monitoring of structural
Summary
An increasing number of PEBs are being built mostly for industrial purpose due to the benefits that can be obtained from the cost efficiency and structural simplicity during the construction [1,2]. Real-time data, such as vibration, temperature and relative displacement from the structure, can be utilized as indicators to predict structural health status and give alerts to firefighters to prevent possible casualties from the structural collapse [16]. For this purpose, highly durable SHM systems capable of stable data measurement and wireless data transfer even under fire conditions are prerequisite. The adhesive module consisted of high temperature inorganic adhesive and neodymium magnet (Figure 1f), which enables a firm attachment of the SBS on the PEB structure.
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