Abstract
The rapidly emerging DNA nanotechnology began with pioneer Seeman’s hypothesis that DNA not only can carry genetic information but also can be used as molecular organizer to create well‐designed and controllable nanomaterials for applications in materials science, nanotechnology, and biology. DNA‐based self‐assembly represents a versatile system for nanoscale construction due to the well‐characterized conformation of DNA and its predictability in the formation of base pairs. The structural features of nucleic acids form the basis of constructing a wide variety of DNA nanoarchitectures with well‐defined shapes and sizes, in addition to controllable permeability and flexibility. More importantly, self‐assembled DNA nanostructures can be easily functionalized to construct artificial functional systems with nanometer scale precision for multipurposes. Apparently scientists envision artificial DNA‐based nanostructures as tool for drug loading and in vivo targeted delivery because of their abilities in selective encapsulation and stimuli‐triggered release of cargo. Herein, we summarize the strategies of creating multidimensional self‐assembled DNA nanoarchitectures and review studies investigating their stability, toxicity, delivery efficiency, loading, and control release of cargos in addition to their site‐specific targeting and delivery of drug or cargo molecules to cellular systems.
Highlights
Public healthcare is a big issue among the society and has drawn much attention to general public
We summarized recent progress of drug delivery system based on multidimensional DNA nanostructures
From the high demand of multifunctional DNA carriers in the context of drug delivery vehicles that have been described in detail here, we can summarize several reasons why self-assembled nucleic acid structures are feasible for targeted drug delivery
Summary
Public healthcare is a big issue among the society and has drawn much attention to general public. The multiple drug resistance mechanism needs to be considered It is of great importance developing smart system which exhibits specific targeting and has high delivery efficacy of active drug molecules. To design new materials as drug carriers, these carriers should have a capability of drug incorporation and controlled release in a highly effective way They should be highly stable and biocompatible in a specific cellular environment. The structural features of nucleic acids form the basis of constructing a wide variety of well-ordered DNA nanoarchitectures with well-defined shapes and sizes, in addition to controllable permeability and flexibility [10, 11] This DNA nanotechnology offers new opportunities for the construction of complex DNA structures in different dimensions. Scientists envision artificial DNA-based nanostructures as tools for drug loading and in vivo targeted delivery because of their potential of selective encapsulation and stimuli-triggered release of cargo. Some concluding remarks will try to ascertain what the challenges and outlook of this exciting research area could be
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