Abstract
The injured bone microenvironment is typically characterized by high-level reactive oxygen species (ROS, mainly H2O2) and low content of oxygen. The former can cause cell apoptosis, induce immune imbalance and inflammation, inhibit osteogenic differentiation, and delay bone repair. In this work, barrier membranes made of a combination of hydroxyapatite nanowires (HAp NWs) and polylactic acid (PLA) loaded with manganese dioxide nanosheets (NSs) (HP@Mn) were prepared to guide bone regeneration (GBR). Due to the catalytic function of MnO2, HP@Mn membranes are able to effectively decompose H2O2 to generate O2. In vitro experiments demonstrated HP@Mn membranes inhibited the apoptotic process caused by high level of H2O2, decreased intracellular oxidative stress, suppressed inflammation-related gene/protein expression, and inhibited macrophage M1 polarization. The nanostructured HAp stimulated osteogenic differentiation, and the loading of MnO2 NSs played a synergistic effect. In addition, the barrier function of PLA could hamper the epithelium overgrowth, providing the development space for periodontal regeneration. By scavenging H2O2, generating O2, eliminating inflammation, and regulating immune response, HP@Mn membranes efficiently promoted bone regeneration. Our results confirmed that composite membranes have great potential for application in GBR, and provide a reference for future design of bone repair materials.
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