Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the spectral and spatial signatures of neuromagnetic activity underlying the termination of absence seizures.MethodsMagnetoencephalography (MEG) data were recorded from 18 drug-naive patients with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). Accumulated source imaging (ASI) was used to analyze MEG data at the source level in seven frequency ranges: delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), beta (12–30 Hz), gamma (30–80 Hz), ripple (80–250 Hz), and fast ripple (250–500 Hz).ResultIn the 1–4, 4–8, and 8–12 Hz ranges, the magnetic source during seizure termination appeared to be consistent over the ictal period and was mainly localized in the frontal cortex (FC) and parieto-occipito-temporal junction (POT). In the 12–30 and 30–80 Hz ranges, a significant reduction in source activity was observed in the frontal lobe during seizure termination as well as a decrease in peak source strength. The ictal peak source strength in the 1–4 Hz range was negatively correlated with the ictal duration of the seizure, whereas in the 30–80 Hz range, it was positively correlated with the course of epilepsy.ConclusionThe termination of absence seizures is associated with a dynamic neuromagnetic process. Frequency-dependent changes in the FC were observed during seizure termination, which may be involved in the process of neural network interaction. Neuromagnetic activity in different frequency bands may play different roles in the pathophysiological mechanism during absence seizures.
Highlights
Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a common pediatric epilepsy syndrome
An increasing number of studies have found that CAE was more likely to have focal brain origins that were responsible for absence seizures (Westmijse et al, 2009; Kim et al, 2011; Tenney et al, 2013; Rozendaal et al, 2016; Kokkinos et al, 2017)
An EEG-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study demonstrated that the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal was decreased in the frontal cortex (FC) at seizure termination, indicating that the FC may be related to the termination of absence seizures (Benuzzi et al, 2015)
Summary
Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a common pediatric epilepsy syndrome. Children with CAE often suffer absence seizures during which children lose consciousness and stare blankly. Children with CAE have a risk for psychosocial and behavioral comorbidities and may develop persistent absence seizures or other types of epilepsy (Kessler and McGinnis, 2019). Childhood absence epilepsy is considered primary generalized epilepsy. An increasing number of studies have found that CAE was more likely to have focal brain origins that were responsible for absence seizures (Westmijse et al, 2009; Kim et al, 2011; Tenney et al, 2013; Rozendaal et al, 2016; Kokkinos et al, 2017)
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