Abstract
Over the last 30 years, Beijing has experienced rapid development. The city’s spatial pattern and changes are extremely complicated. Therefore, to reveal the spatial patterns at different scales and levels, the construction land in Beijing within the 6th ring road in 1985, 1999, 2008, and 2015, was analyzed using global and local multifractal analyses. The global analysis shows that, over the past 30 years, the development of new construction land in this region experienced a process that transformed it from being a hierarchical spatial structure with a low-evolution intensity (1985) to being a spatial structure with a higher evolution intensity and multi-scale differential development (1999, 2008) with a hierarchical spatial system (one main urban area with a number of satellite towns) (2015). Local analysis further shows that the spatial pattern of the construction land in this region tended to be simplified over the past 30 years. The construction land in this region displays specific evolutionary characteristics with the increase in breadth (q) and intensity (Dq) and a multifractal dimension spectrum (f(a) – a(q)) and dominant spectrum at various spatial scales over a four-year period. In general, the influence of high-density areas on the spatial pattern of the construction land is decreasing, while the influence of low-density areas is increasing. Based on this, this paper also summarizes the theoretical value of multifractal analysis in economic geography research, highlighting its advantages, limitations, and application range, and presents the technical analysis process and other suggestions for future research.
Highlights
Fractal analysis is an important method in the study of spatial evolution
Due to the impact of non-agriculturalization on suburban agricultural areas, the traditional suburban area presents a kaleidoscopic combination of various spatial developments, multiple industries and multiple types of land use, which greatly affects the development of the region
The global and local multifractal indexes suggested that Beijing is a relatively typical urban space system demonstrated by multifractal characteristics in spatial scales of m = 5, m = 6 and m = 7, which generally corresponds to researchers’ macro-spatial, medium-spatial, and micro-spatial understanding
Summary
Fractal analysis is an important method in the study of spatial evolution. Compared with traditional mathematical methods, which are not effective in spatial self-organization analysis, fractal analysis is an effective means of analyzing the spatial complexity of a study area. The suburban areas that are seemingly chaotic but belong to the spatial self-organizational evolution of both urban and rural properties are regions wherein the urban and rural dual-attribute interactions are the most complex, and they have already become a major concern (Wilson, 2008). Due to the impact of non-agriculturalization on suburban agricultural areas, the traditional suburban area presents a kaleidoscopic combination of various spatial developments, multiple industries and multiple types of land use, which greatly affects the development of the region
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