Abstract
BackgroundDengue fever is a mosquito born disease associated with self-limited to life threatening illness. First detected in Senegal in the nineteenth century, and despite its growing incidence this last decade, significant knowledge gaps exist in our knowledge of genetic diversity of circulating strains. This study highlights the circulating serotypes and genotypes between January 2017 and December 2018 and their spatial and temporal distribution throughout all regions of Senegal.MethodsWe used 56 dengue virus (DENV) strains for the analysis collected from 11 sampling areas: 39 from all regions of Senegal, and 17 isolates from Thiès, a particular area of the country. Two real time RT-qPCR systems were used to confirm dengue infection and corresponding serotypes. For molecular characterization, CprM gene was sequenced and submitted to phylogenetic analysis for serotypes and genotypes assignment.ResultsThree dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1–3) were detected by all used methods. DENV-3 was detected in 50% (28/56) of the isolates, followed by DENV-1 and DENV-2, each representing 25% (14/56) of the isolates. DENV-3 belongs to genotype III, DENV-1 to genotype V and DENV-2 to Cosmopolitan genotype. Serotype 3 was detected in 7 sampling locations and a co-circulation of different serotypes was observed in Thiès, Fatick and Richard-toll.ConclusionsThese results emphasize the need of continuous DENV surveillance in Senegal to detect DENV cases, to define circulating serotypes/genotypes and to prevent the spread and the occurrence of severe cases.
Highlights
Dengue fever is a mosquito born disease associated with self-limited to life threatening illness
Phylogenetic analysis based on CprM gene reveal that dengue 1 sequences obtain during this study (n = 14) grouped into genotype V (Additional file 1: Figure S2), Dengue virus (DENV)-2 (n = 14) into genotype Cosmopolitan (Additional file 1: Figure S3) and DENV serotype 3 (DENV-3) (n = 28) into the genotype III (Additional file 1: Figure S4)
Based on the informations available in Additional file 1: Table S2 and the defined serotypes, we drawn maps of Senegal showing the spatio-temporal disphylogenetic analysis and/or real time RT-qPCR
Summary
Dengue fever is a mosquito born disease associated with self-limited to life threatening illness. First detected in Senegal in the nineteenth century, and despite its growing incidence this last decade, significant knowledge gaps exist in our knowledge of genetic diversity of circulating strains. This study highlights the circulating serotypes and genotypes between January 2017 and December 2018 and their spatial and temporal distribution throughout all regions of Senegal. Dengue virus (DENV) is transmitted to human through the bite of infected mosquito vectors of Aedes genus [2]. DENV infection can cause a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from self-limited form referred as DF to life threatening disease known as severe dengue [2]. The causative agent of dengue fever, is an enveloped, positive, single stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, Flavivirus genus [8]. Its 11 kb genome contains a single open reading frame encodes three structural proteins [capsid (C), membrane (M) and envelope (E)] and seven non-structural (NS) proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5) [8]
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