Abstract
Abstract Many applications of seismology require the calculation of wave speed and attenuation in rocks saturated with multiple fluids. Squirt flow is known to be an important effect in fully saturated rocks but the extension to the multifluid case is unclear. Neglecting capillary effects, we generalize previous work on squirt flow to the case where two fluids are present. We derive expressions for the effective fluid properties, but the results depend on the spatial distributions, and not only volume fractions, of the two fluids. Our results demonstrate that such multifluid squirt flow may be responsible for hysteresis effects in elastic properties during imbibition and drainage.
Highlights
Determining the quantitative relationship between fluid saturation and seismic characteristics such as wave velocity and attenuation, is a challenging problem in geophysics
In a popular approach to the problem of partial fluid saturation, it is assumed that the fluid
There is no requirement that the partial saturation fractions in the pores and in the microcracks be the same
Summary
Determining the quantitative relationship between fluid saturation and seismic characteristics such as wave velocity and attenuation, is a challenging problem in geophysics. It has various applications ranging from accurate determination of gas/oil saturation in seismic surveys, to estimating mobility of CO in carbon capture and storage or enhanced recovery projects. The challenge lies in that it is not entirely understood how the spatial distribution of fluids a↵ects elastic wave propagation. In a popular approach to the problem of partial fluid saturation, it is assumed that the fluid. Experimental data for partially saturated, anisotropic synthetic rocks show that the di↵usion mechanism attributed to squirt-flow is significant as pointed out by Amalokwu et al (2014)
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