Multifidelity Heating Prediction of Adaptable, Deployable Entry Placement Technology Vehicles

Abstract

The objective of this work was to investigate a multifidelity modeling approach to accurately and efficiently predict the laminar convective, turbulent convective, and radiative heating on adaptable, deployable entry placement technology vehicles in Mars entry. A previously developed cokriging-based multifidelity modeling approach was used to model the heat fluxes at several surface locations along the vehicle, including the rib sections. The laminar convective heat flux multifidelity model was found to have a mean convective heat rate error of approximately 3% when compared with high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The turbulent convective heat flux multifidelity model was found to have a mean convective heat rate error of approximately 8% when compared with high-fidelity CFD simulations. The radiative heat flux multifidelity model was found to have a mean convective heat rate error of approximately 10% when compared with high-fidelity CFD simulations. Compared with a single-fidelity model, the multifidelity model required, at most, one-third the number of high-fidelity model evaluations to obtain the same accuracy level. The computational cost of evaluating the multifidelity model was approximately six orders of magnitude less than one high-fidelity model simulation.