Multifaceted Intervention Increases WIC Farmers Market Nutrition Program Check Redemption and Suggests Policy Changes

Abstract

Increase WIC Farmers Market Nutrition Program (FMNP) check redemption rate. Target audience was WIC participants in a low income 47.6% white, 46.9% African American neighborhood adjacent to the city of Pittsburgh. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) FMNP aims to increase consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables for WIC families while supporting local farmers who sell at area farmers markets (FM). Yet, FMNP check utilization in PA is just over 50% and is lower in the targeted neighborhood. Barriers as well as aids to FMNP utilization and produce consumption are well documented and informed the intervention, CRUNCH!: Eat Fresh, Eat Healthy, Move More. A review of FMNP procedures in several states is informing policy recommendations for PA. Using a quasi-experimental research design, the June through early November intervention included cooking demonstrations in the WIC clinic; informal tours of FMs; and community garden visits. State data provided check redemption rates. Baseline and follow-up questionnaires explored barriers to FMNP check redemption, aids to fruit and vegetable consumption and pre- and post-intervention consumption data. Participation in the intervention activities were tracked. The intervention significantly (p < .001) increased the FMNP check redemption rate by program participants (46%) compared to non-participants (39%). Participation in the intervention activities was lower than expected. Barriers were consistent with the literature and there was no change in fruit or vegetable consumption. Program findings led to discussion of local issues and state policies regarding interpretation of federal FMNP regulations. A local stakeholder group is currently exploring policy recommendations.