Abstract
Poultry is a rampantly expanding agro-industry in Bangladesh like other developing countries. Several studies have detected multidrug resistance (MDR) Proteus mirabilis from poultry meat globally; however, no similar data was available for poultry samples in Bangladesh. P. mirabilis is a zoonotic human pathogen of urinary tract infection (UTI), nosocomial infection and wound infection, therefore, a potential threat to public health. We isolated P. mirabilis from chicken droppings collected from local commercial poultry farms and examined their antimicrobials susceptibilities. Chicken droppings were streak-cultured onto xylose lysine deoxycholate agar plates after enriching in buffered peptone water. Selective colonies were identified by biochemical test and API20E kits. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Total 36 P. mirabilis were isolated from 39% (27 of 70) chicken droppings. Tetracycline evidenced as the highest individually-resistant (94%, 34/36) antibiotic (AB) while ciprofloxacin was the lowest (17%, 6/36). Hazard lies when 83% P. mirabilis were proved to be MDR (30/36), being resistant to three or more AB. Findings provide a baseline data on MDR P. mirabilis circulating around these PFs, it would assist the veterinarian in rational treatment and biosafety planning. More detail studies will be required to clarify their antimicrobial resistance and clinical relevance.
Highlights
Poultry remains the largest domestic animal stock in the world in terms of the number of animals [1]
Since raising small-scale commercial poultry farms (PFs) demands low investment, it has been expanding at a high rate, mostly at the rural and semi-urban areas which contribute in national economic growth, considerably
The aforementioned facts prompted us to investigate the presence of P. mirabilis in chicken droppings of Bangladeshi poultry that might be transmitting this zoonotic pathogen [10] to vulnerable workers while handing infected chicken directly or through fecal-contaminated poultry products as enterobacteriaceae have been reported to transmit [11,12]
Summary
Poultry remains the largest domestic animal stock in the world in terms of the number of animals [1]. Since raising small-scale commercial poultry farms (PFs) demands low investment, it has been expanding at a high rate, mostly at the rural and semi-urban areas which contribute in national economic growth, considerably. These PFs are often run by unskilled, non-professional managers having poor knowledge on biosecurity alike other developing countries [3]. Recent data from various poultry based studies in Bangladesh evidences high prevalence of human pathogens like, Escherichia coli, non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica and Enterobacter spp [2,4,5], being similar to other countries reporting various enterobacteriaceae in eggs and meats [6,7]. The aforementioned facts prompted us to investigate the presence of P. mirabilis in chicken droppings of Bangladeshi poultry that might be transmitting this zoonotic pathogen [10] to vulnerable workers while handing infected chicken directly or through fecal-contaminated poultry products as enterobacteriaceae have been reported to transmit [11,12]
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