Multidrug-Resistant ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Associated with Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Sirajganj

Abstract

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) microorganisms have been shown to increase multidrug resistance worldwide, which is a great concern. The prevalence of ESBL-producing clinical pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were identified in 66 isolates from patients in Khwaja Yunus Ali Hospital with several clinical infections cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar media. The most prevalent bacteria were Escherichia coli (80.3%), which were identified by the BD-Phonex automated identifier machine, followed by Pseudomonas spp. (6%), Klebsiella spp. (12.1%), and others (4.4%). This research was conducted from January 2023 to June 2023. Generally, a large number of antibiotic resistance patterns and ESBL-producing common bacterial isolates were found in this study, where most of the resistant percentage was found in third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics, which increases the public health problem. In this study, the most prevalent bacteria E. coli isolates were mostly resistant to penicillin (100%), ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and cefuroxime (98.4%). Besides, 95.4% resistance was shown against ceftriaxone. The double-disc synergy test was done to determine the presence of ESBL-producing bacterial strains. The most widely ESBL-positive isolate was Escherichia coli (83%). Among the 66 sample strains produced, the ESBL maximum (53.03%) belonged to female patients, while 46.97% belonged to male patients. This study focuses on the prevalence and patterns of clinical pathogens and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of ESBL-producing bacterial infections in a tertiary-level health service center in Bangladesh. Generally, a large number of antibiotic resistance patterns and ESBL-producing common bacterial isolates were found in this study, which increases the public health risk. Therefore, to save human life, we ought to be taking appropriate action against the threat.