Abstract
Available data showed that the recovery of multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing Salmonella spp. from chicken meat is still scanty in Nigeria. Consequently, this study aimed to characterize the probable multidrug-resistant and biofilm producing Salmonella spp. prevalent in chicken meat vended in southern Nigerian markets. About 240 randomly sampled chilled raw chicken meats were collected from open markets in Delta, Edo, Ekiti and Ondo States, and then were analysed for detecting the presence of Salmonella spp.; using rinse centrifugation-plating technique, serological examination and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The confirmed Salmonella isolates were tested for multidrug-resistance and biofilm formation using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion test and tissue culture plates, respectively. Out of 229 presumptively examined Salmonella isolates, 52 isolates were confirmed as Salmonella spp., while 46 isolates were recorded as multidrug-resistant. The main serotypes recovered were; S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (35/52; 67.31%), and S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (17/52; 32.69%). Biofilm characterization of the recovered Salmonella isolates were; strong (OD > 0.240), 6 (11.5 %); moderate (0.120-0.240), 13 (25.0 %); weak (OD < 0.120), 19 (36.5 %), and non-biofilm producers (OD < 0.120), 14 (26.9 %). This study showed that multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing Salmonella spp. were prevalent in raw chicken meat; vended within southern Nigerian open markets. Thus, there is an urgent need for relevant regulatory agencies to enforce consumer's safety.
Highlights
Chicken meat is recognized as a good source of animal protein, with low levels of cholesterol, and widely preferred over other types of meat (Ogu et al, 2017a; 2017b)
The objectives of this study were to assess the antibiotic resistance profiles and biofilm production potentials of several Salmonella spp.; isolated from raw chicken meat vended within southern Nigerian open markets
The prevalence and counts of presumptive Salmonella spp. recovered from the raw chicken meat samples are presented in Table (1)
Summary
Chicken meat is recognized as a good source of animal protein, with low levels of cholesterol, and widely preferred over other types of meat (Ogu et al, 2017a; 2017b). 2021 washing, use of unhygienic processing and storage equipment (Ogu et al, 2017b). Consumption of such poorly processed and undercooked meat could lead to food-borne illnesses (Antunes et al, 2016; Ogu and Akkinibosun, 2019). Several studies conducted by Eng et al, (2015); Antunes et al, (2016); Mouttotou, et al, (2017) have described chicken products as principal reservoirs of Salmonella spp., which are principle foodborne pathogens. Treatment with antibiotics is vital for management of severe or invasive human Salmonellosis. The occurrence of resistance in Salmonella isolates is detrimental to both the veterinary and public health areas, due to the extensive usage of antimicrobials (Eng et al, 2015)
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