Abstract
The article presents a multidimensional comparative analysis of the drops in the number of passengers transported by rail in 28 European countries on a quarterly basis in 2012-2020 in terms of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and economic security. Data collected from Eurostat on the number of passengers transported by rail in 28 European countries were aggregated and further analyzed in order to emphasize the regularities governing them. The research has observed a growing trend on an annual and quarterly basis in the total number of passengers transported by rail in 28 European countries in 2012-2019. Additionally, in the unnamed (quarterly) data, a quarterly seasonality was detected. Since 2020, there have been declines in the number of passengers transported by rail in all of the 28 European countries considered. The declines were subjected to a comparative analysis, adopting various criteria, in order to assess which countries were most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of rail passenger transport.
Highlights
The study identifies a research problem that focuses on a multivariate comparative analysis of the number of passengers transported by passenger rail in 28 European countries on a quarterly basis between 2012 and 2020
For the research problem and objective of the paper adopted, the main hypothesis was outlined: What % of the number of transported passengers by rail in 2019 in 28 individual European countries were the decreases caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020? The subject of the study is the number of passengers transported by rail transport in 28 European countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to large declines in the number of passengers transported by rail in Europe (Czubinski, 2020 December 1)
Summary
The study identifies a research problem that focuses on a multivariate comparative analysis of the number of passengers transported by passenger rail in 28 European countries on a quarterly basis between 2012 and 2020. In addition to the research problem, the main objective of the study is outlined. The main objective of the study is to investigate in which of the considered European countries the decreases in the number of passengers transported due to the COVID-19 pandemic were the highest and in which were the lowest. For the research problem and objective of the paper adopted, the main hypothesis was outlined: What % of the number of transported passengers by rail in 2019 in 28 individual European countries were the decreases caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020? Issues concerning COVID-19 infectious disease and multivariate comparative analyses were addressed. Data clustering was used within this method (Jurgilewicz et al, 2020)
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