Abstract
Prayer is one of the most important aspects of religious/spiritual life. The psychological literature has identified various types of prayer and a few methods for measuring it. The Multidimensional Prayer Inventory (MPI) has received much attention from researchers since it allows for the capture of the most universal forms of prayer, characteristic of the Judeo-Christian tradition: Adoration, Confession, Thanksgiving, Supplication, and Reception. The aim of this article was to examine psychometric properties and clinical applications of the Polish MPI. In four studies, we established the internal structure of the MPI using Principal Component Analysis (PCA, study 1) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA, study 2), examined its validity and reliability in relation to religiousness (study 3), and analysed its clinical application (study 4). The Polish MPI has been confirmed as a reliable and valid measure of five types of prayer for use in research settings.
Highlights
Prayer has been described as ‘the very soul and essence of religion’ (James 1902, p. 361) and the most frequent way of practicing religion (Bartczuk and Zarzycka 2020).Recent polls conducted by the Social Opinion Research Centre in Poland (Social OpinionResearch Centre 2018) and the Central Statistical Office (2019) showed that around 81% ofPoles declare themselves as believers or deep believers, while 3% identify as non-believers.Almost half of adults in Poland (46%) participate in mass or religious service at least once a week, and around 70% declare that they pray daily or at least once a week
The initial testing of the factor structure of the Multidimensional Prayer Inventory (MPI) we examined by means of Principal
The aim of study 2 was to confirm the internal structure of the Polish MPI using
Summary
Prayer has been described as ‘the very soul and essence of religion’ (James 1902, p. 361) and the most frequent way of practicing religion (Bartczuk and Zarzycka 2020).Recent polls conducted by the Social Opinion Research Centre in Poland (Social OpinionResearch Centre 2018) and the Central Statistical Office (2019) showed that around 81% ofPoles declare themselves as believers or deep believers, while 3% identify as non-believers.Almost half of adults in Poland (46%) participate in mass or religious service at least once a week, and around 70% declare that they pray daily or at least once a week. Recent polls conducted by the Social Opinion Research Centre in Poland Research Centre 2018) and the Central Statistical Office (2019) showed that around 81% of. Interest in the subject of prayer is systematically growing among researchers. Indicated more than 1300 studies on prayer conducted from 1960 to 2013. Our literature review indicated 457 new items published after 2013 (analysis of CINAHL, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE, searching for the keyword prayer in the title; 5 November 2021). These data tells us that prayer is central to the psychology of religion and integral to the key themes of modern psychology (Spilka and Ladd 2013). Despite the growing literature on prayer, there are few reported prayer measures, especially in the Polish cultural field
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