Multidetector computed tomography: a corner stone imaging modality in evaluation of acute small bowel diseases

Doaa M Emara,Khaled M Moghazy,Galal M Abouelnagah,Ahmed H Amer

doi:10.1186/s43055-021-00605-y

Doaa M Emara, Khaled M Moghazy + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s43055-021-00605-y

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Abstract

BackgroundThe diagnosis of acute small bowel diseases is one of the challenging issues that confronted by the radiologists so accurate diagnosis is essential to determine the appropriate way of management. CT has become the preferred imaging tool to evaluate acute small bowel diseases. Our study aimed to assess the role of MDCT in evaluation of acute abdomen secondary to small bowel origin by identification and differentiation between different acute small bowel pathologies.ResultsThirty-eight patients presented with acute abdomen of small bowel origin from June 2019 to September 2019. The mean age of incidence was 48 ± 19 years ranged from 4 to 88 years. Males represented by 23 patients (60.5%). Acute exacerbation of inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease) represented by (34.2%), small bowel obstruction (31.6%), ischemic bowel diseases (21.1%), small bowel perforation (10.5%) and infectious (TB enteritis) small bowel disease (2.6%). MDCT had an overall high sensitivity (97.3%) in assessment of acute small bowel diseases in correlation with post-operative data and follow-up response to management.ConclusionsMDCT is a reliable diagnostic imaging tool for assessment of patients with acute abdomen secondary to small bowel origin with high-efficiency in differentiation between different pathological entities that causing acute abdomen.

Highlights

The diagnosis of acute small bowel diseases is one of the challenging issues that confronted by the radiologists so accurate diagnosis is essential to determine the appropriate way of management
Patients A prospective study included 38 patients suffering from acute abdominal symptoms secondary to suspected acute small intestinal disease had been assessed by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) between June 2019 and September 2019 at our institute
Distribution of the studied cases according to the final diagnosis: Acute exacerbation of inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease) representing the most frequent cause of acute abdomen secondary to small bowel diseases by involving about 34.2% of the patient sample, small bowel obstruction representing 31.6%, ischemic bowel disease representing 21.1%, small bowel perforation representing 10.5% and infectious small bowel disease (TB enteritis) representing 2.6% of the examined patients (Fig. 1)

Summary

Introduction

The diagnosis of acute small bowel diseases is one of the challenging issues that confronted by the radiologists so accurate diagnosis is essential to determine the appropriate way of management. CT has become the preferred imaging tool to evaluate acute small bowel diseases. Our study aimed to assess the role of MDCT in evaluation of acute abdomen secondary to small bowel origin by identification and differentiation between different acute small bowel pathologies. The patients with acute small bowel insult have different presentations and symptoms according to the underlying small bowel disease, usually diffuse non-localized abdominal pain is the first presentation leading to Multidetector CT provides good spatial and contrast resolution, multiplanar reconstructions and more efficient scanning with few or no artifacts. Multidetector CT enterography plays an important role in imaging of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including assessment of the disease activity and extraluminal acute complications [7, 8]

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