Multi-detection method for mycotoxins with a modified QuEChERS extraction in feed and development of a simple detoxification procedure

Abstract

A new multi-mycotoxin analysis method was developed to identify and quantify 22 mycotoxins in multiple feed matrices. This method is based on a QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) extraction procedure followed by the ultra-high liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) detection. The QuEChERS extraction procedure was optimized for minimizing the matrix effect of maize. Obtained recoveries ranged from 67 % to 94 % and low LOQs (from 0.22 to 32.64 μg/kg) for regulated and emerging mycotoxins were obtained. Then, the method was expanded to seven raw materials and eight feedstuffs. In these matrices, the recovery for most mycotoxins was also high enough to fulfill the current legislation. The developed method was used for the analysis of 75 samples obtained from a nearby feed factory. Maize and maize-based products showed the highest occurrence of mycotoxins, although always below the legal limit. In addition, the ability of spheres of different composition and size to eliminate mycotoxins from raw materials and feedstuffs was tested. Up to 28 % of the mycotoxin content can be removed from matrices by using glass spheres of 2 mm of diameter. Therefore, a new process for the physical removal of mycotoxins was developed.