Abstract
Since Hornreich et al1 introduced the concept of a Lifshitz point — i. e. a triple point in the Pressure-Temperature phase diagram, separating two lines of continuous transitions to ferromagnetic and helicoidal phases — a large number of theoretical studies have discussed the symmetry and critical properties of this multicritical point2–5. Experimental evidence of a Lifshitz point was also claimed for a large variety of compounds undergoing magnetic6, structural7, liquid crystal8 , as well as surface phase transitions9. However, as noted by Aslanyan and Levanyuk10 the Lifshitz point considered in Ref. 1 corresponds to a physical situation which is not the more likely to occur. Accordingly, these authors defined three other types of Lifshitz points10
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