Abstract
Clays are very important secondary minerals in the weathering processes. They are non stoichiometric phases and react with aqueous solutions as high-order solid solutions. Their composition may change as a function of the composition of the aqueous phase, during or after their precipitation. This explains variations in clay composition from one geochemical environment to another, and also within the population of particles found in apparently homogeneous clay samples. Thermodynamics of equilibrium between multicomponent solid solutions and aqueous solutions is extremely complex and a general theory is not yet available with applicable data for the mixing energies of several cations in different structural sites. However, a computer program based on a very simple molecular mixing model has been elaborated and appears to be very helpful and extendable for the studies of clay mineral formation and interaction with natural solutions.
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