Multi-Component Nanofiber Composite Membrane Enabled High PM0.3 Removal Efficiency and Oil/Water Separation Performance in Complex Environment

Abstract

Currently, industrial waste gas and oily wastewater are usually at high temperature and contain corrosive components (e.g., acid, alkali, oxidant, or high salt, etc.), presenting great challenges on filtration/separation materials. Here, a multi-purpose Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile/silica (PMIA/PAN/SiO2) nanofiber composite membrane with a high yield was prepared simply via electrospinning to satisfy the demands of air filtration and oil/water separation in complex environments. Under the synergy of PMIA, PAN and SiO2, the composite membrane possesses high PM0.3 removal capacity of 99.69%, robust purification ability against real smoke PM2.5, effective oil/water separation performance of > 99.6%, superior high temperature stability (about 250 °C) and excellent chemical resistance, showing the potential application in filtration/separation process under complex conditions. Moreover, the influence mechanism of SiO2 NPs on mechanical properties and filtration performance was systematically investigated through experiments and simulations, paving the way for future intensive research. This study provides an option for the facile and effective preparation of high-performance filtration/separation membranes applied in the field of dust filtration and oily wastewater separation, even in harsh environments.