Abstract
Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is a promising therapy against biofilm infection. However, due to the saliva clearance and obstacle of biofilm, the photosensitizer is difficult to concentrate in the infection site; then, the PACT is less effective on oral biofilm infection. In this article, we report a special nano-antibacterial agent (SiO2-PCe6-IL) to solve the bottleneck problem of PACT in treatment of oral biofilm infections. The SiO2-PCe6-IL was composed of SiO2 and poly ionic liquid photosensitizer (PCe6-IL) and had tri-fold features of eliminate biofilm infection: high binding ability, breaking biofilm barriers, and enrichment photosensitizer in infection site. In oral biofilm, the SiO2-PCe6-IL changed to SiO2-PIL+ like claws of octopus that could hold tightly with biofilm. Then, the poly-dodecyl on the SiO2-PIL+ broke down the barrier of biofilm. The results of HR-MS and zeta potential indicated that SiO2-PCe6-IL could change to positive (SiO2-PIL+) in acidic environment. The interaction forces and morphology results proved that the SiO2-PIL+ had a higher affinity to biofilm and could destroy the biofilm structure. Then, the photosensitizer was enriched in biofilm at sites of infection. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that SiO2-PCe6-IL could effectively eradicate oral biofilm infections and control of dental caries.
Highlights
Oral biofilm infection is most important pathogenic factor of dental caries [1, 2]
Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) could efficiently control of bacteria and bacterial biofilm infection
Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), CuCl, 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, and N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were purchased from Aladdin
Summary
Oral biofilm infection is most important pathogenic factor of dental caries [1, 2]. eliminating biofilm on the tooth surface is a primary strategy to prevent and treat dental caries [3]. With the protection, bacteria in the biofilm is difficult to eradicate by common strategy of mechanical cleaning combined antibiotics. In this background, it is urgently to develop new treatment against oral biofilm infection. The concentration of photosensitizer in the site of oral biofilm is the key to improve the PACT efficiency. The photosensitizer was highly concentrated in oral biofilm, and the biofilm infection was eliminated. The high binding energy between positively charged SiO2-PCe6-IL and oral biofilm, excellent breaking ability of polydodecyl, and effective enrichment of photosensitizer were the key factors to effectively eliminate oral biofilm.
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