Abstract
Diagnostic accuracy and reliable assessment of prognosis are challenging in patients in vegetative state (VS) and in minimally conscious state (MCS). This longitudinal multi-centric study aims to identify neurophysiological patterns with diagnostic and prognostic value. 59 patients in VS and 63 in MCS underwent clinical assessment by Coma Recovery Scale-Revised3 and neurophysiological evaluations of EEG background activity and reactivity, somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and event related potential (ERP) at ⩽3 months after brain-injury. Clinical outcome was evaluated at 6 months post-injury. EEG background activity and reactivity significantly differed between VS and MCS patients (p
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