Multicenter retrospective analysis on survival rate, complications, patient satisfaction and biological parameters of implant overdentures delivered with different design and attachment systems‐ results between 1 and 17 years of follow‐up

Abstract

Background Edentulism can lead to significant functional impairment and psychological changes in patients. The conventional method for treating edentulism is to provide complete dentures. An implant overdenture may improve oral function and patient satisfaction compared with a conventional complete denture. Nevertheless, evidence is lacking about the number of implants, prosthetic design and type of attachments. Aim/Hypothesis To report implant and prosthesis survival rates, complications, patient satisfaction, and biological parameters of patients rehabilitated with an implant overdentures on splinted and non-splinted implants and different attachment systems, in function for a mean period of 5 years (1–17 years) Material and Methods The present retrospective multicenter study evaluated data collected from fully or partially edentulous patients rehabilitated with an implant overdenture between January 2001 and December 2016 in 9 different centers. The outcome measures were implant and prosthetic success rates, mechanical complications, oral health impact profile, marginal bone loss, bleeding on probing and plaque index. Results A total of 581 implants were installed in 194 patients, followed for a mean period of 60.6 months (range 6-206). Sixty-nine patients were rehabilitated in the maxilla+ while, 125 patients in the mandible. Eight-nine patients received 296 OT Equator attachments, 62 patients received 124 ball attachments, and 43 patients received 107 Locator attachments. In eighty-two patients the implants were splinted. At the last follow-up, 10 implants (1.7%) failed in 8 patients (4.1%). At 5-year follow-up, proportion of complications was statistically higher for not splinted overdenture (P = 0.0171). No statistically significant differences were founded in proportion of implant and prosthetic failure (P>. No difference between overdenture on splinted and not splinted implants for HOIP, MBL, BoP, PI at each time points, up to 5 years on function (P > 0.05). At 5-year follow-up, proportion of complications (P = 0.0289) and failed prostheses (P = 0.0069) were statistically higher for IOV on Locator attachments Conclusions and Clinical Implications Implant overdenture showed high implant and prosthetic survival rates, low complications, high patient satisfaction, and good biological parameters in the long term follow-up. Splinting the implants may reduce number of mechanical complications. Locator attachments showed higher number of complications. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.