Multibiomarker responses in Danio rerio after exposure to sediment spiked with triclosan.

Emanuel Sager,Andrea Rossi,Tomás Mac Loughlin,Fernando De La Torre,Damián Marino

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120201938

Emanuel Sager, Andrea Rossi + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201938

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Abstract

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial and antimycotic agent widely used in personal care products. In aquatic environments, both TCS and its biomethylated more persistent form, methyl-triclosan (MeTCS), are usually detected in wastewater effluents and rivers, where are commonly adsorbed to suspended solids and sediments. The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical and physiological effects in Danio rerio after a short term (2 days) and prolonged (21 days) exposures to sediment spiked with TCS acting as the source of the pollutant in the assay. The activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione-s transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation levels (LPO), total capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP), and acetylcholinesterase enzymatic activity (AChE) were measured in liver, gills, and brain. Most of TCS on the spiked sediment was biotransformed to MeTCS and promoted different adverse effects on D. rerio. Gills were the most sensitive organ after 2 day-exposure, showing lipid damage and increased SOD activity. After 21 days of exposure, liver was the most sensitive organ, showing lower ACAP, increased LPO levels, and SOD and CAT activities. This is the first study reporting the effects on biochemical markers in D. rerio from a MeTCS sink resulting from sediment spiked with TCS.

Highlights

Personal care products (PCPs) are one of the main emerging urban pollutants that were proved to have a negative impact on the environment
As the impact of TCS on fish is poorly understood, this study aimed to investigate biochemical and physiological effects of sediment spiked with TCS after a short term (2 days) and prolonged (21 days) exposures in the standardized fish species D. rerio
PH, and conductivity were the parameters that remained with similar values throughout the experimental periods

Summary

Introduction

Personal care products (PCPs) are one of the main emerging urban pollutants that were proved to have a negative impact on the environment. Their increasing production, because of their wide spectra of applications, inevitably leads to their uncontrolled release into aquatic ecosystems. Methyltriclosan (MeTCS), one degradation product of TCS, is a more stable and persistent compound, with a much slower kinetic degradation rate (Lindström et al 2002, Bedoux et al 2012) The fate of this kind of compounds in environment compartments depends on their physicochemical properties, which in turn impact on their degradation and transformation (Singh et al 2013).

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