Multiaxis three dimensional (3D) carbon and basalt preforms/cementitious matrix concretes: Experimental study on fiber orientation and placement by panel test

Abstract

Multiaxis three-dimensional (3D) continuous basalt and carbon fiber/cementitious matrix concretes were developed and their panel properties were experimentally investigated. It was found that the fiber placement and orientation in concrete remarkably affected its load carrying, strength, and energy absorption performance. It was identified that the multiaxis 3D fiber concrete had strain hardening behavior. The strain hardening increased the energy absorbing capacity of the concrete. Four directional basalt and carbon structures exhibited slightly better energy absorption compared to the biaxial and uniaxial structures due to the multiaxis fiber orientation. Failed fiber concretes had local matrix breakages, matrix-filament bundle debonding in each yarn set, yarn bridging due to tensile strengthening, outer filament tensile pull-out and stick–slip phenomena between filaments in the yarn, and a cementitious matrix. This led to the in-plane angularly radial aligned multiaxis micro cracks, which were probably controlled by the multiaxis 3D fiber architecture, and they were considered damage tolerant materials.