Multiagent Time-Delayed Fast Consensus Design for Distributed Battery Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel distributed control architecture for synchronization of the active/reactive power sharing, energy levels, frequency/voltage of distributed battery energy storage systems (BESSs) using inter-BESS communications. The local information of each BESS is exchanged with a few other neighboring BESSs to achieve a consensus. The consensus speed is significantly improved by introducing an inner control loop for energy levels. The droop frequency/voltage control is also added to regulate the active/reactive power sharing and the frequency/voltage of BESSs. Furthermore, self delays and communication delays are explicitly considered in the design. As a result, the derived consensus algorithms are fully distributed with fast consensus speed in both contexts of nonexistence and existence of time delays, which have not been addressed in the existing research for BESSs. To validate the design, several simulation case studies are carried out.