Abstract
Automatic composition of geospatial web services increases the possibility of taking full advantage of spatial data and processing capabilities that have been published over the internet. In this paper, a multi-agent artificial intelligence (AI) planning solution was proposed, which works within the geoportal architecture and enables the geoportal to compose semantically annotated Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Services based on users’ requirements. In this solution, the registered Catalogue Service for Web (CSW) services in the geoportal along with a composition coordinator component interact together to synthesize Open Geospatial Consortium Web Services (OWSs) and generate the composition workflow. A prototype geoportal was developed, a case study of evacuation sheltering was implemented to illustrate the functionality of the algorithm, and a simulation environment, including one hundred simulated OWSs and five CSW services, was used to test the performance of the solution in a more complex circumstance. The prototype geoportal was able to generate the composite web service, based on the requested goals of the user. Additionally, in the simulation environment, while the execution time of the composition with two CSW service nodes was 20 s, the addition of new CSW nodes reduced the composition time exponentially, so that with five CSW nodes the execution time reduced to 0.3 s. Results showed that due to the utilization of the computational power of CSW services, the solution was fast, horizontally scalable, and less vulnerable to the exponential growth in the search space of the AI planning problem.
Highlights
During the last decade, an enormous amount of spatial information and processing capabilities have been published over the internet
To improve the functionality of the conventional geoportals with the ability to automatically compose Open Geospatial Consortium Web Services (OWSs), this study proposes a solution based on multi-agent artificial intelligence (AI) planning techniques
Gtiecoa-Ilnlfy. 2c0o18m, 7p, o40s4e OWSs, this study proposes a solution based on multi-agent AI plan4noifn2g0 techniques
Summary
An enormous amount of spatial information and processing capabilities have been published over the internet. The need to integrate atomic OWS nodes into complex workflows is an important milestone on the path to fully benefit from published spatial data and functionality over the internet This integration of OWSs, known as web service composition, provides the geospatial community with a flexible opportunity to address more complicated analytical requirements using distributed spatial information and knowledge organization systems. In real-world scenarios the centralized planning techniques are not able to solve the automatic composition problem in an acceptable time To address these two mentioned problems, this article presents a novel solution for automatic composition of OWSs. The solution proposes a new multi-agent artificial intelligence (AI) planning algorithm in which OWSs are semantically annotated and registered in CSW services (Catalogue Service for Web, [12]).
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