Abstract
Abstract. The modern 3D digitalization techniques open new scenarios on how to transmit to the next generations the state of health of Cultural Heritage (CH) buildings, paintings, frescos or statues. The final goal of the 3D digitalization is an exact replica of the acquired target, but a standard and unique technique able to digitalize artworks of different size and in different ambient light conditions is still far from being successfully ready for the CH field. Even if both laser scanning and photogrammetry can be considered mature techniques, applied with success in most of the Cultural Heritage study cases, they are limited in terms of colour digitalization and image quality in all the cases where ambient light and big sensor-target distances are crucial factors: differently to standard laser scanners, which collect colour information by the use of a coaxial camera and the distance by an IR laser source, the RGB-ITR (Red, Green and Blue Imaging Topological Radar) scanner, developed in ENEA, is equipped with three different laser sources for the simultaneous colour and distance estimation. The present work shows the results obtained applying the above-mentioned multi-wavelengths laser scanner for collecting a complete high-quality 3D colour model of “The Triumph of Divine Providence” vault, painted by Pietro da Cortona on the ceiling of the noble hall inside Palazzo Barberini in Rome.
Highlights
1.1 Introduction and aimsThe modern 3D digitalization techniques open new scenarios on how to transmit to the generations the state of health of Cultural Heritage (CH) buildings, paintings, frescos or statues
Even if both laser scanning and photogrammetry can be considered mature techniques, applied with success in most of the Cultural Heritage study cases, they are limited in terms of colour digitalization and image quality in all the cases where ambient light and big sensor-target distances are crucial factors (Remondino, F., 2006; Callieri, M. et al, 2011)
Difficult to quantify, but which determines the goodness of the digitalized scene is the influence caused by external factors like the ambient light: in the case of systems based on cameras this is a crucial parameter, which can affect the final result; vice-versa, the RGB-ITR scanner collects both colours and structure information by the use of modulated laser beams that are completely independent from the environmental effects (Poujouly and Journet, 2002; Mullen et al, 2004)
Summary
The modern 3D digitalization techniques open new scenarios on how to transmit to the generations the state of health of Cultural Heritage (CH) buildings, paintings, frescos or statues. The fresco of “The Triumph of Divine Providence” was realised by Pietro Berrettini, known as Pietro da Cortona, on the wider room ceiling of Palazzo Barberini (Rome) for the celebration of the spiritual and political power of the Barberini. The Theological virtues, Faith, Hope and Charity, support the Barberini emblem, composed by three extraordinary bees enclosed by a laurel wreath, which configures the central area of the Barberini shield These heraldic elements are closely integrated to the ceiling decoration to the purpose of the family celebration. Other three restorations were performed in 1981, 1993 and 2010, providing the current aspect of the painting and the whole room (Scott, 1991; Testa, 2018)
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