Abstract
Secondary flows of the working fluid via internal leakage paths in an MVE contribute significantly to its efficiency reduction. So the major leakage channels were indentified, and a mathematical model for predicting the flow rates via them has been developed. The behaviours of two existing designs of MVEs, using R-113 as the working fluid, were considered. Computer sub-routines were composed and employed to predict the effects of changes in the design and operating variables on the leakage characteristics of the expanders. The predictions indicate that the major internal-leakage flows, in the two MVEs considered, occur past the tips of the vanes. By maintaining continuous contact between the tips of the vanes and the stator cylinder, leakage efficiencies of over 75% are expected for the non-circular expander. The predictions also show by how much the leakage characteristics can be improved by running an existing expander at its optimal operating conditions. Alternatively for a proposed application, there will be an optimal choice of design parameters for an MVE so that the maximum efficiency can be achieved.
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