Abstract
High penetration variable renewable energy introduces flexibility issues to the power system. For countries with coal as their main energy source, retrofitting existing thermal power units is one of the most realistic and feasible measures to improve power system flexibility. Multiple retrofit options will almost certainly be available for each individual power plant—all with distinct investment costs and performance implications. Therefore, this paper develops a multi-technical flexibility retrofit planning model to inform investment decisions of thermal power units in the short term. The model is formulated as a mix linear programming, with the goal of minimizing the systems overall investment and operational costs. In particular, a linear formulation is proposed to solve the coupling problem of retrofitting and operating, and take account of the changes in various units’ operational parameters after retrofit. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed models are verified by a case study through a modified IEEE-30 bus system. The results demonstrate that it is necessary to consider the complementariness of multiple technologies between units. Besides, the proposed model could minimize the overall system investment and operational costs, and provide advice to planners and power generation companies.
Highlights
The abundant, low-cost variable renewable energy (VRE) represented by wind and solar energy resources is driving the low-carbon transformation of power systems [1]
This work demonstrates that the defects of traditional capacity expansion models (CExMs) may cause the unit commitment (UC) model to have no feasible solution and significant VRE curtailment [15]
The cost curve is generally expressed as a quadratic function, which can be approximated by multiple linear intervals [26]. This method drastically increases the running time, not where P is the set of representative periods; ωp is the weight of the representative period p; Tp is the time series set of the representative period p; and I is the set of all the thermal power units (TPUs)
Summary
The abundant, low-cost variable renewable energy (VRE) represented by wind and solar energy resources is driving the low-carbon transformation of power systems [1]. This work demonstrates that the defects of traditional CExMs (without consider flexibility constraints) may cause the unit commitment (UC) model to have no feasible solution and significant VRE curtailment [15] This coupling increases complexity of the model, which becomes computationally intractable for long-term planning [16]. Li et al presented a retrofit planning model and used benders decomposition algorithm to solve large-scale optimization problem [23] This model ignored a lot of actual operational details of TPUs, and couldn’t simulate the least-cost economic dispatch of the power system subject to physical constraints of generators and the transmission network accurately. 1S.ustainAabimlityu2lt0i2-0t,e1c2h, nx iFcOaRl FPEREPR mREoVdIEeWl is proposed to minimize the overall investment and operat3ioonf a15l costs of the system This model takes into account various feasible retrofit options and changes iinn mmuullttiippllee ooppeerraattiinngg ppaarraammeetteerrss ooff TTPPUUss aafftteerr rreettrroofifittttiinngg,, pprroovviiddiinngg aassssiissttaannccee ttoo ppllaannnniinngg ddeeppaarrttmmeennttss aanndd ppoowweerr ggeenneerraattiioonn ccoommppaanniieess. To solve the coupling decision on retrofitting and operating in the planning model, a multitechnTiocasloFlvRePth(Me c-oFuRpPli)nmg oddeceilsiisoncoonnsrterutrcotfiedtt.ing and operating in the planning model, a multi-technical FRP (M-FRP) model is constructed
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