Multi-Task Learning for Building Extraction and Change Detection from Remote Sensing Images

Abstract

Building extraction (BE) and change detection (CD) from remote sensing (RS) imagery are significant yet highly challenging tasks with substantial application potential in urban management. Learning representative multi-scale features from RS images is a crucial step toward practical BE and CD solutions, as in other DL-based applications. To better exploit the available labeled training data for representation learning, we propose a multi-task learning (MTL) network for simultaneous BE and CD, comprising the state-of-the-art (SOTA) powerful Swin transformer as a shared backbone network and multiple heads for predicting building labels and changes. Using the popular CD dataset the Wuhan University building change detection dataset (WHU-CD), we benchmarked detailed designs of the MTL network, including backbone and pre-training choices. With a selected optimal setting, the intersection over union (IoU) score was improved from 70 to 81 for the WHU-CD. The experimental results of different settings demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed MTL method. In particular, we achieved top scores in BE and CD from optical images in the 2021 Gaofen Challenge. Our method also shows transferable performance on an unseen CD dataset, indicating high label efficiency.