Abstract
AbstractMulti‐Stage Flash (MSF) desalination processes play a vital role in the provision of fresh water in many areas of the World, particularly in the Arab Gulf countries. This paper describes a steady‐state mathematical model developed to analyze the MSF water desalination process. Relations between parameters controlling the product water cost (e.g. thermal performance ratio, specific heat transfer surface area, and specific flow rate of cooling water and recirculated brine) to other operating and design variables are established. These relations can be used to design new plants or to analyze existing units.The model assumes the practical case of constant heat‐transfer surface area per stage in each section. It considered the variation of water physical properties with temperature and salt concentration, the effect of fouling factors, and the presence of non‐condensable gases on the overall heat‐transfer coefficients, and variations in stage flash down and thermodynamic loss from stage to stage. The model also takes into consideration the heat transfer losses from the stages to the surrounding and through rejection of the noncondensable gases. The results obtained from the developed model are compared with data from six different MSF plants, and good agreement is obtained.
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