Abstract
The potential of polyaniline (PANI)-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) to offer adaptive anti-surveillance stealth in the visible/infrared bands is considerable. However, the incompatibility between infrared and radar stealth renders it challenging to achieve compatibility between the two with PANI-based ECDs. In this work, an etched electrode with frequency-selective surface configurations is initially designed for selective transmission and reflection of microwaves. Subsequently, a stellate PANI is prepared on the electrode surface by introducing triphenylamine (TPA) modification into the long molecular chain of disordered PANI, and assembled into a multi-spectrum compatible ECD. The results demonstrate that the ECD can achieve efficient transmission between 10.2–13.9 GHz, with a transmission rate approaching 90 % at 11.92 GHz, and enables the visible characteristics to switch between jungle dark green and desert earthy yellow. Furthermore, thermal-infrared emissivity (ε) modulation is achieved in the atmospheric transmission windows of 3–5 μm and 8–14 μm, with maximum emissivity change (Δε) of 0.61 and 0.73, respectively. The ECD demonstrated the capacity to exceed the limitations of static camouflage associated with existing multi-spectrum stealth materials, and exhibited a high degree of adaptability in intelligent electromagnetic confrontation environments.
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