Abstract
Climate change risk reduction requires cities to undertake urgent decisions. One of the principal obstacles that hinders effective decision making is insufficient spatial knowledge frameworks. Cities climate adaptation planning must become strategic to rethink and transform urban fabrics holistically. Contemporary urban planning should merge future threats with older and unsolved criticalities, like social inequities, urban conflicts and “drosscapes”. Retrofitting planning processes and redefining urban objectives requires the development of innovative spatial information frameworks. This paper proposes a combination of approaches to overcome knowledge production limits and to support climate adaptation planning. The research was undertaken in collaboration with the Metropolitan City of Venice and the Municipality of Venice, and required the production of a multi-risk climate atlas to support their future spatial planning efforts. The developed tool is a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS), which aids adaptation actions and the coordination of strategies. The model recognises and assesses two climate impacts: Urban Heat Island and Flooding, representing the Metropolitan City of Venice (CMVE) as a case study in complexity. The model is composed from multiple assessment methodologies and maps both vulnerability and risk. The atlas links the morphological and functional conditions of urban fabrics and land use that triggers climate impacts. The atlas takes the exposure assessment of urban assets into account, using this parameter to describe local economies and social services, and map the uneven distribution of impacts. The resulting tool is therefore a replicable and scalable mapping assessment able to mediate between metropolitan and local level planning systems.
Highlights
Continuous international studies and warnings highlight the current state of the Climate Crisis and the increasing severity of forecasts for the future [1,2,3]
The approach presented in this paper provides a critical lens through which to analyse the effects of rapid contemporary changes to the form and distribution of urban services, economic activities population density and ecosystem in relation to the changing climate [12]
Section divides the assessment tools empirical application into two territorial levels: the first one refers to the whole study area of the CMVE (Section 5.1) and the second one refers to the study area of Mestre, part of the CV (Section 5.2)
Summary
Continuous international studies and warnings highlight the current state of the Climate Crisis and the increasing severity of forecasts for the future [1,2,3]. The effects of climate change are extensive and will affect different elements within the biosphere simultaneously [4]. From an urban planning and land management point of view, climate change affects the relationship between climate hazard and territorial adaptive capacity. Higher adaptive capacities correspond to lower climate impact effects [5]. The effects of climatic variations are linked to geographical peculiarities; the morphological, functional and environmental characteristics of a given context [6,7] Geographical characteristics and settlement patterns trigger different impacts that affect human life in the urban environment (i.e., UHI, urban flooding) or the natural environment (i.e., loss of ecosystem services, loss of biodiversity). The adaptive capacity of urban and natural contexts vary considerably [8].
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