MULTI PESTICIDE AND PCB RESIDUES IN NILE CATFISH AND TILAPIA IN ASSIUT CITY, EGYPT

Doha Yahia ,Eman E Elsharkawy

doi:10.21608/avmj.2013.171819

Abstract

The current study investigated the levels of multi pesticide residues in the highly consumed types of Nile fish in Egypt;tilapia and cat fish. Total of 50 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 50 African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) collected from two areas in Assiut city, where most industries are situated beside the agricultural activities and raising farm animals are the main activities. The first area; Elwasta, there is a facility of electrical power station, and the second area; Mankbad in which the cement factory is there. Fish samples were analyzed by High Resolution Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry. Average pesticide residues concentrations ± SE in muscle of tilapia and catfish (n = 10 pooled samples with five fish each) was determined. The results indicated the presence of different types of organophosphorous (OPs), organochlorine (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyles (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and trifluralin pesticides in Elwasta and Mankbad in varying degrees. Diazenon was the only OP pesticide exceeded the permissible limit in both investigated areas in two types of fish. On the other hand, OCs, PCBs, HCB and trifluralin pesticide residue levels were not exceeded the maximum allowable concentration limit. As general, an increase in pesticides residue level was obtained in Mankbad than Elwasta. In addition, higher values are realized for the detected pesticide residues in cat fish than tilapia. The results of the study have shown that the extensive and recent use of these types of pesticides in the present time in Egypt

Highlights

Tilapia is the most popular freshwater fish species in Pesticides play a key role in pest management and preventing human being and domestic animals from infectious diseases
In comparison with the maximum residual limits (MRLs) diazenon only exceed the permissible limit, where its level reached to 6.46 ± 0.48ppb while its permissible limit is 2 ppb according to US.EPA, (1991) Table (4)
The organochlorine pesticides (OCs) pesticides detect only lindan and p,pDDE in mean values of 0.29 ± 0.08 and 1.83 ± 0.40 ppb, respectively Table (2). These levels not exceed the MRL of lindan (200ppb) according to Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), (2009) or MRL of DDT pesticides according to permissible limit set by US EPA, 1991 (20 ppb) and European Union (EU), (2011) (100 ppb) Table (5)

Summary

Introduction

Tilapia is the most popular freshwater fish species in Pesticides play a key role in pest management and preventing human being and domestic animals from infectious diseases. Use of pesticides varies greatly among different parts of the world in types and quantities. It plays an important role in fish consumption in Egypt and around the world. The Nile catfish is highly consumed in Egypt because it is cheap and available in most localities. The African catfish tend to live in the turbid and cloudy water. It is exposed to different types of environmental contaminants rather than another fish types. The organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) could pollute the Pesticides reach aquatic ecosystem by direct application, spray drift, aerial spraying, and erosion, tilapia and catfish meat via the recent agricultural application

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Conclusion