Abstract
The advent of high-throughput multi-omics technologies has underpinned the expansion in lung microbiome research, increasing our understanding of the nature, complexity and significance of the polymicrobial communities harbored by people with CF (PWCF). Having established that structurally complex microbial communities exist within the airways, the focus of recent research has now widened to investigating the function and dynamics of the resident microbiota during disease as well as in health. With further refinement, multi-omics approaches present the opportunity to untangle the complex interplay between microbe–microbe and microbe–host interactions in the lung and the relationship with respiratory disease progression, offering invaluable opportunities to discover new therapeutic approaches for our management of airway infection in CF.
Highlights
In recent years, the growing and widespread application of genomics focused, culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis has been universally acknowledged as revolutionary for the research and management of disease (Malla et al, 2019)
No firm consensus exists regarding the bacterial composition of a “typical healthy” lung; it is accepted that the lower airways harbor a diverse and dynamic ecosystem inhabited by a range of facultatively and obligately aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms with considerably greater inter versus
As genomics technologies continue to advance, it is conceivable that monitoring of airway bacterial communities will become routine and so by utilizing either Marker Gene Analysis (MGA) or Whole Genome Shotgun Sequencing (WGSS), the host’s respiratory microbiota could potentially function as a marker (Acosta et al, 2018; Sherrard and Bell, 2018)
Summary
The advent of high-throughput multi-omics technologies has underpinned the expansion in lung microbiome research, increasing our understanding of the nature, complexity and significance of the polymicrobial communities harbored by people with CF (PWCF). Having established that structurally complex microbial communities exist within the airways, the focus of recent research has widened to investigating the function and dynamics of the resident microbiota during disease as well as in health. Multi-omics approaches present the opportunity to untangle the complex interplay between microbe–microbe and microbe–host interactions in the lung and the relationship with respiratory disease progression, offering invaluable opportunities to discover new therapeutic approaches for our management of airway infection in CF
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