Multi-objective topology optimization and structural analysis of periodic spaceframe structures

Abstract

Reduction of structural weight provides significant benefits in many engineering applications. While methods to optimise structural shape and topology of both continuous solids and discrete frame structures have existed for a while, the advent of additive layer manufacturing processes has enabled more complex geometries to be feasible. In this paper, a periodic spaceframe structure is designed for minimum mass and maximum effective flexural and torsional rigidities. A method of parametrising the spaceframe through its constituent unit cells is proposed, and Genetic Algorithm (GA) multi-objective optimisation is used to optimise its topology, size and geometry as a generic structure. The superior performance of the topology optimised periodic spaceframe is highlighted in terms of structural rigidity, large deformation capability, buckling and vibrational modal analysis in compare to equivalent beam structures of identical weight and comparable domain. The results show that the proposed method can effectively generate lightweight substitute structures of great mechanical performance in many beam structures applications, such as: aircraft wing spars. The periodic spaceframe is applied into a conventional aircraft wing structure to demonstrate the possibilities of promoting weight saving in the design of civil aircraft wings.