Multi-objective-parametric optimization of diesel engine powered with fuel additive 2-ethylhexyl nitrate-algal biodiesel

Abstract

The present study examined the effect of the cetane improver 2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) on the performance and emission characteristics of an engine fueled by an algal biodiesel-diesel blend. The multi-objective response surface technique (MORSM) was used in combination with the Box-Behnken design to decrease the number of trials and conserve precious resources such as human effort, resources, and time. To link the engine control parameters and outputs, analysis of variance was used to build prediction models in the form of mathematical expressions. To optimize the engine operating settings for the optimum efficiency-least emission combination, a MORSM-based desirability technique was used. The optimized engine operating settings were 23-degree crank angle before top dead center (°CA bTDC), 77.16 % engine load, and 5500 ppm EHN. Performance and combustion output were 31 % BTE, 0.28 kg/kWh BSFC, and 66.29 bar PCP at these optimal operating ranges. In terms of emissions, CO was 0.01 vol%, HC was 25.1 ppm, and NOx was 867 ppm. The present research will help researchers contemplating employing these fuels to identify the optimal values.