Abstract
The production and supply chain management of biofuels from organic waste as raw material has been identified as a promising strategy in the field of renewable energies and circular economy initiatives. This industry involves complex tasks such as strategic land use, feedstock purchasing, production plant location, production capacity strategy, and material flows, which can be solved by mathematical modeling. The study proposed a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming model to design a sustainable supply chain of biofuels with forest residues from its triple function: economic, environmental, and social. The trade-offs between the proposed objectives were determined with computational results. The proposed objectives were profit maximization, CO2 minimization, and employment generation maximization. Thus, the proposed model serves as a tool for decision-making, allowing the projection of a long-term structure of the biofuel supply chains and contribute to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Highlights
The production of first-generation biofuels from biomass-derived from food, such as corn and sugar cane, has led to a discussion in the industry, government, and academia over the regulation of prices between the food and fuel industries. [1]
Practical solutions for a decision-making process, from the amount of biomass to be collected and the type of biorefineries to the supply and distribution strategies of bioethanol, to meet the stipulated demand of 10% blended at a national level were provided
The inherent trade-off between earnings, CO2 emissions, and employment generation capacity was analyzed for a lignocellulose-based biofuel supply chain
Summary
The production of first-generation biofuels from biomass-derived from food, such as corn and sugar cane, has led to a discussion in the industry, government, and academia over the regulation of prices between the food and fuel industries. [1]. A necesity has been identified to support the use of new alternatives in raw materials, which are uneatable, for the production of biofuels. These raw materials must not generate conflicts of interest with the primary products of the family food basket. A second-generation biofuel derived from lignocellulosic biomass is recognized as a future renewable energy source [3]. Agricultural wastes such as corn, energy crops such as grass, short-rotation woody crops, secondary residues from sawmills, urban woody wastes such as those used in construction, and forest biomass are among the lignocellulosic biomass raw materials. The technologies used to convert lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol can be biochemical like hydrolysis and fermentation or thermochemical like gasification and catalytic synthesis [5]
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