Abstract
Ice slurry has been widely used in the field of building air conditioning because of its high energy storage density. The helically coiled tube heat exchangers (HCTHXs) utilizing ice slurry as the cooling medium presents a potential value in decreasing energy consumption for building air conditioning due to their high thermal efficiency. However, the design for HCTs utilizing ice slurry as the cooling medium is undeniably a challenging task due to its complicated structure and operation conditions. In this study, the response surface methodology (RSM) is utilized to construct the mathematical models, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is applied to optimize the thermo-fluidic behaviors of ice slurry in HCTs. Initially, five design parameters are determined, consisting of three operating parameters (inlet velocity (uin), inlet ice volume fraction (αin), ice particle diameter to tube diameter ratio (ds/D)) and two geometrical parameters (coil pitch to tube diameter ratio (H/D) and coil radius to tube radius ratios (Rc/r)). Next, numerical investigations are structured using the Box-Behnken design (BBD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is utilized to assess the validity and dependability of the generated regression models. To illustrate the interactions between each set of design parameters, response surface analysis is performed. In the end, the Pareto optimal frontier is determined using NSGA-II, in conjunction with the regression models generated through RSM. The obtained Pareto optimal solution resulted in a Nu of 223.5768 and a f of 0.029, representing improvements of 106.8 % and reductions of 28.86 % compared to the original design, respectively. The corresponding design variables is uin = 3.9974, αin = 29.3086 %, ds/D = 0.40408, H/D = 3.5908 and Rc/r = 22.6885. This study establishes a robust and effective groundwork for the advancement and utilization of HCTHXs utilizing ice slurry as the cooling medium.
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