Multi‐objective optimization of cordon sanitaire with vehicle waiting time constraint

Abstract

The outbreak of COVID-19 has disrupted our regular life Many local authorities have enforced a cordon sanitaire for the protection of sensitive areas Travelers can only travel across the cordon after getting qualified This paper aims to propose a method to determine the optimal deployment of cordon sanitaire in terms of the number of parallel checkpoints at each entry link A bi-level multi-objective programming model is formulated where the lower-level is the transportation system equilibrium with queueing to predict link traffic flow, and the upper-level is queueing network optimization that is a multi-objective integer non-linear programming The primary objective is to minimize the total operation cost of checkpoints with a predetermined waiting time constraint and the secondary objective is to minimize system total travel time A heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the proposed bi-level model where the method of successive averages is adopted for the lower-level model, and a hybrid genetic algorithm is designed for the upper-level model An experimental study is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods The results show that the methods can find a good heuristic optimal solution These methods are useful for operators to determine the optimal deployment of cordon sanitaire © 2021 The Authors IET Intelligent Transport Systems published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology