Abstract
Airfoil is an important factor that affects the energy conversion efficiency of wind turbines. In this research, the airfoil is parameterized by the superposition of the mean camber line and the thickness distribution. This method can accurately control the geometric characteristic parameters. By integrating several expected targets into one target function, a unified target function is constructed. Finally, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is used to realise the multi-objective optimization design. In order to verify the reliability of this design theory, the traditional Clark Y airfoil was selected as a reference. Considering the aerodynamic characteristics at angles of attack of 0, 4, and 8 degrees for Re = 1 × 106, two airfoils were designed and compared with the reference airfoil. The results show that the lift-to-drag ratio characteristics of the designed airfoils have been greatly improved, which fully confirms the reliability of the optimization design theory proposed in this study. This research will be significant for the design of wind turbine airfoils.
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