Abstract
In order to optimize the charging of lithium-ion batteries, a multi-stage charging method that considers the charging time and energy loss as optimization targets has been proposed in this paper. First, a dynamic model based on a first-order circuit has been established, and the model parameters have been identified. Second, on the basis of the established model, we treat the objective function of the optimization problem as a weighted sum of charging time and energy loss. Finally, a dynamic programming algorithm (DP) has been used to calculate the charging current of the objective function. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed charging method could effectively reduce the charging time and decrease the energy loss, compared with the constant-current constant-voltage charging method, under the premise of exerting little influence on the attenuation of battery capacity.
Highlights
As the key technology of battery management systems, the charging strategy influences the battery life and safe operation [1,2,3]
In order to improve the charging efficiency and prolong the battery life, a general charging voltage protocol based on battery state-of-health was proposed in [21], which aims to study the optimization of charging current
Is positive, it means that proposed charging method is superior the constant is positive, it means that the proposed charging method is energy superior to or thereducing constantthe current constant current constant voltage charging method in reducing the loss charging time, voltage charging method in reducing the energy loss or reducing the charging time, and the greater and the greater the absolute value of ‘Energy save’ or ‘Time reduce’, the better the optimization the absolute value of ‘Energy save’ or ‘Time reduce’, the better the optimization effect and vice versa
Summary
As the key technology of battery management systems, the charging strategy influences the battery life and safe operation [1,2,3]. In order to improve the charging efficiency and prolong the battery life, a general charging voltage protocol based on battery state-of-health was proposed in [21], which aims to study the optimization of charging current. The effect of cut-off voltage, ambient temperature, and battery aging on the charging optimization results was discussed in [22], whereas the influence of charge current on the Ohmic resistance, polarization resistor, and polarization capacitance of the battery has not been fully considered yet. In spite of the fact that some of them considered charging time and energy loss as characteristics of the charging method, the effect of the change of battery model parameters on the optimization of charging current was not considered during the optimization process. The influence of variable weighting factors on the optimization result is discussed in this paper
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