Abstract
Abstract Water shortages and pollution emerge because of anthropogenic demands. Since 2011, ‘China's Most Stringent Water Resources Management’ (CMSWRM) has been comprehensively enacted in the country. This paper presents the characteristics of the ‘three red lines’ (TRL) and a multi-objective optimal allocation model based on the TRL constraint, considering the benefits for society, the economy, and the environment. This model had been applied to the reasonable allocation of water supply and demand in Qinzhou for the planning years of 2020 and 2030. Two water resource allocation scenarios for these years were configured by setting different chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations for wastewater discharge in the municipal, secondary, tertiary, and agricultural sectors. The gamultiobj function based on the NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the model in MATLAB. The results indicate that if COD concentrations in each sector are not reduced, then restrictions on domestic water sources will be necessary, both in 2020 and 2030. The two water resource allocation scenarios in 2020 and 2030 can provide a reference for decision-makers in Qinzhou to implement CMSWRM.
Highlights
With improvements in living standards, people’s requirements for water quantity and water quality have increased
After reducing the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of pollutants, the water shortage in Qinzhou decreases to 29,064.9 Â 104 m3 and 35,886.4 Â 104 m3, in 2020 and 2030, respectively; the total Gross domestic product (GDP) increases to 1,509.9 Â 108 CHY and 4,194.1 Â 108 CHY, respectively; and the total amount of COD pollutants discharged reduces to 37,892.2 tons and 40,947.3 tons, respectively
As the total amount of COD generated by water consumption in each sector is 44,275.8 tons, and it just reaches the upper limit of the total amount of allowed pollutant discharge (TAOAPD) for COD in 2020, to ensure the total amount of COD does not exceed the upper limit, Qinzhou has 231.8 Â 104 m3 volume of water which cannot be used
Summary
With improvements in living standards, people’s requirements for water quantity and water quality have increased. Water shortages and deterioration of water quality have caused conflicts in the. The optimal allocation of water resources is an important means to alleviate supply–demand conflicts in different regions. It is anticipated that Qinzhou will operate the Yujiang CBDP in 2030, which will increase the water supply to 3.229 Â 108 m3 to address water shortages (Qinzhou Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, 2008). According to the quantified capacity of the water function area of small and medium-sized rivers in Qinzhou and the control plan for total pollutant discharge (Guangxi Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, 2015), TAOAPD for COD will be limited to 44,275.8 ton in 2020 and 44,211.4 ton in 2030
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