Abstract
Ancient ceramic artefacts attracted the attention of scientists as being a chronological indicator within the archaeological context; however, they can also provide information about the tech-nology and provenance. A series of brick samples from an ancient nomadic town at Karabal-gasun (Mongolia) have been analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis in order to obtain information on the performance of the kilns used and on the technological skills of ancient pot-ters.
Highlights
Archaeometry is widely used for characterizing the thermal, mineralogical, spectroscopic aspects of ancient artefacts [3],[4], especially Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has proved to be an optical technique that can be used for characterizing a wide range of minerals
The multi-method approach used in the archaeometric study of the ancient clay brick samples from two different sites at Karabalgasun made it possible to evaluate the composition and estimate the firing conditions of bricks
The obtained FTIR spectra were representative of two different groups; it allows the determination of clay and provides the firing temperature estimation based on the analysis of Si-O peak position
Summary
Archaeometry is widely used for characterizing the thermal, mineralogical, spectroscopic aspects of ancient artefacts [3],[4], especially Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has proved to be an optical technique that can be used for characterizing a wide range of minerals [5],[6],[7]. The firing temperatures of ancient ceramics are of interest because they provide information on the performance of the kilns used in their manufacture and on the technological skills [8]. The aim of this work, which is the first archaeometric study made on bricks unearthed in Karabalgasun, is to undertake a multianalytical study of bricks using the spectroscopic (XRF, FTIR) and thermoanalytical (TGA) techniques to provide information about the mineralogical composition and the firing temperature of production technology of ancient bricks
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