Multi-ion intercalated Ti3C2Tx MXene and the mutual modulation within interlayer

Abstract

Intercalation of ions between the adjacent MXene layers can change the interlayer environment and influence the electrochemical ion storage capacity. In order to understand the effect of multi-ions confined by the MXene layers on the performance of electrochemical energy storage, Co2+, Mn2+ and Ni2+ intercalated into Ti3C2Tx MXene which already pre-intercalated Al3+ are obtained by spontaneous static action. Based on the monitor of (002) crystal orientation, intercalated multi-ions can regulate and control the interlayer environment of MXenes via stress, which induces lattice shrinkage occurring in the c axis. Limited by ion storage mechanism-performance, the multi-ion occupies the interspace of MXene and affects the electrochemical performance. This work would offer guidance to understand the relationship among the multi-ion and MXene by two-dimensional (2D) layered materials.