Abstract
Gateway elimination in a LoRa network could highly reduce the network installation cost. However, LoRa end devices could not overcome many obstacles with only a point-to-point communication. Thus, this research implemented a multi-hop communication in a LoRa network. One or more LoRa end devices are placed between the source node and the destination node to act as relay nodes. A simple routing based on the packet length is configured to determine the packet transmission path. As the results, the designed multi-hop communication could improve packet success rate until 2,47 times in indoor environment. Whereas, the optimum delay time for multi-hop communication is 100 ms for each hop to produce high PRR and lowest RTT.
Highlights
Wireless Communication Systems have been widely applied in various fields, such as environment [1,2] and health monitoring [3,4] in real time
The objective of this research is to build a multi-hop communication using LoRa network that consists of several end devices without any gateway
The module used in this research is HopeRF-RFM9x LoRa Module which has frequency range from 900 MHz to 930 MHz that is suitable with LPWAN regulation in Indonesia [12]
Summary
Wireless Communication Systems have been widely applied in various fields, such as environment [1,2] and health monitoring [3,4] in real time. A multi-hop communication system that uses Zigbee and Sigfox has been implemented [10], where the communication system is carried out in an indoor environment with a low range. This communication system consists of a source node (transmitter), a relay node, and a destination node (receiver). A LoRa network that only consists of end devices would be very advantageous, because it could highly reduce the installation cost. The objective of this research is to build a multi-hop communication using LoRa network that consists of several end devices without any gateway. The experiments were conducted in indoor and outdoor environment
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