Abstract
Increasing concerns over the possible risks of nanotechnology necessitates breakthroughs in structure–activity relationship (SAR) analyses of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at nano-bio interfaces. However, current nano-SARs are often based on univariate assessments and fail to provide tiered views on ENM-induced bio-effects. Here we report a multi-hierarchical nano-SAR assessment for a representative ENM, Fe2O3, by metabolomics and proteomics analyses. The established nano-SAR profile allows the visualizing of the contributions of seven basic properties of Fe2O3 to its diverse bio-effects. For instance, although surface reactivity is responsible for Fe2O3-induced cell migration, the inflammatory effects of Fe2O3 are determined by aspect ratio (nanorods) or surface reactivity (nanoplates). These nano-SARs are examined in THP-1 cells and animal lungs, which allow us to decipher the detailed mechanisms including NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-dependent signaling. This study provides more insights for nano-SARs, and may facilitate the tailored design of ENMs to render them desired bio-effects.
Highlights
Increasing concerns over the possible risks of nanotechnology necessitates breakthroughs in structure–activity relationship (SAR) analyses of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at nanobio interfaces
Given that various nanorods such as CeO2, AlOOH, and lanthanide materials or nanoplates (e.g., Ag nanoplates) were demonstrated to be more reactive than other shapes[25,26,27], we synthesized a series of Fe2O3 nanoparticles with different morphologies and sizes, including four hexagonal nanoplates (P1~P4) with controlled diameters and thicknesses, and four nanorods (R1~R4) with systematically tuned lengths and diameters
We further calculated the ratios of diameter to thickness for the nanoplates and length to diameter for nanorods, respectively, and denoted them as aspect ratios (ARs)
Summary
Increasing concerns over the possible risks of nanotechnology necessitates breakthroughs in structure–activity relationship (SAR) analyses of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at nanobio interfaces. We engineered a series of iron oxide nanoparticles to assess their SARs.The metabolomics and proteomics changes induced by Fe2O3 particles are examined in THP-1 cells. The zeta potential of Fe2O3 nanoplates has some effects on cell proliferations with coefficient r2-value at 0.64, surface reactivity is the dominant property that impacts other five bioeffects as well as global cellular changes.
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